Emerging Applications, Developments, Prospects, and Challenges of Electrochemical Nitrate‐to‐Ammonia Conversion

Abstract

Abstract Ammonia is not only an important feedstock for chemical industry but also a carbon‐free energy carrier and a safe storage media for hydrogen. Due to the advantages compared to Haber–Bosch process, electrochemical NO 3 − ‐to‐NH 3 conversion via nitrate reduction reaction (NO 3 − RR) received attention. Recently, “green hydrogen” generated from water electrolysis shows promise to become the energy for future but limited by the safety of storage and transportation. This review proposes electrochemical NO 3 − ‐to‐NH 3 conversion can store renewable electric energy and “green hydrogen” into NH 3 , which is a potential solution for solving the puzzle of “green hydrogen” storage and transportation. Moreover, the theoretical insights of NO 3 − RR and electrocatalyst design are discussed. Finally, the challenges and opportunities in this field are elucidated. This review provides a novel perspective for NO 3 − RR and accelerates the development of effective electrocatalysts for NO 3 − ‐to‐NH 3 conversion.