An exhaustive review of the metaheuristic algorithms for search and optimization: taxonomy, applications, and open challenges

A fast and elitist multiobjective genetic algorithm: NSGA-II

Kalyanmoy Deb, Amrit Pratap, Sakshi Agarwal et al. · IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation · 2002 · 47.8K citations

Natural Sciences, Evolutionary Biology, Algorithms +10

Particle swarm optimization

James Kennedy, R.C. Eberhart · 2002 · 47.5K citations

Architecture, Bioinformatics, Directed Evolution +7

Optimization by Simulated Annealing

Scott Kirkpatrick, C. D. Gelatt, M.P. Vecchi · Science · 1983 · 44.6K citations

Natural Sciences, Mathematics, Algorithms +10

Differential Evolution – A Simple and Efficient Heuristic for global Optimization over Continuous Spaces

Rainer Storn, Kenneth V. Price · Journal of Global Optimization · 1997 · 28.7K citations

Natural Sciences, Mathematics, Optimization +12

Grey Wolf Optimizer

Seyedali Mirjalili, Seyed Mohammad Mirjalili, Seyed Mohammad Mirjalili et al. · Advances in Engineering Software · 2014 · 18.4K citations · Full text