Lee-Yang theory of Bose-Einstein condensation

Abstract

Bose gases form into Bose-Einstein condensates at a certain transition temperature, at which a large fraction of bosons in the gas become cool enough to occupy the lowest quantum state together. Here, taking inspiration from recent advances in Lee-Yang theories of phase transitions, the authors demonstrate a method to predict this condensation temperature for an ideal gas of billions of bosons using the energy fluctuations of less than a hundred bosons.