Cell-free Lactiplantibacillus plantarum OC01 supernatant suppresses IL-6-induced proliferation and invasion of human colorectal cancer cells: Effect on β-Catenin degradation and induction of autophagy

Abstract

Probiotic metabolites reduced cell proliferation both in 2D and 3D-spheroid cultures, the latter model mimicking the growth <i>in vivo</i>. The bacterial metabolites also contrasted the pro-growth and pro-migratory activity of inteurleukin-6 (IL-6), an inflammatory cytokine abundantly found in the tumor microenvironment of CRC. These effects were associated with inhibition of the ERK and of the mTOR/p70S6k pathways and with the inhibition of the E-to N-Cadherin switch. In a parallel study, we found that sodium butyrate (a representative of the main probiotic metabolites) induced autophagy and β-Catenin degradation, which is consistent with the growth inhibitory activity. The present data indicate that the metabolites of <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> OC01 (NCIMB 30624) elicits anti-tumor effect and support its possible inclusion as adjuvant therapy of CRC for limiting cancer growth and progression.