Galangin-Loaded Gold Nanoparticles: Molecular Mechanisms of Antiangiogenesis Properties in Breast Cancer

Abstract

Angiogenesis is important for tissue during normal physiological processes as well as in a number of diseases, including cancer. Drug resistance is one of the largest difficulties to antiangiogenesis therapy. Due to their lower cytotoxicity and stronger pharmacological advantage, phytochemical anticancer medications have a number of advantages over chemical chemotherapeutic drugs. In the current study, the effectiveness of AuNPs, AuNPs-GAL, and free galangin as an antiangiogenesis agent was evaluated. Different physicochemical and molecular approaches have been used including the characterization, cytotoxicity, scratch wound healing assay, and gene expression of <i>VEGF</i> and <i>ERKI</i> in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line. Results obtained from MTT assay show cell growth reduction in a time- and dose-dependent aspect; also, in comparison to individual treatment, a synergistic impact was indicated. CAM assay results demonstrated galangin-gold nanoparticle capacity to suppress angiogenesis in chick embryo. Additionally, altering <i>VEGF</i> and <i>ERKI</i> gene expression was recorded. Taken together, all the results can conclude that galangin-conjugated gold nanoparticles can be a promising antiangiogenesis supplemental drug in breast cancer treatment.