The diet rapidly and differentially affects the gut microbiota and host lipid mediators in a healthy population

Abstract

Our results indicate that lipid mediators involved in the communication between the gut microbiota and host metabolism exhibit a rapid response to dietary changes, which is also the case for some, but not all, microbiome taxa. The lead-in diet influenced the gut microbiome and BCFA, but not the endocannabinoidome, response to the MedDiet. A higher initial microbiome diversity favored the stability of the gut microbiota in response to dietary changes. This study highlights the importance of considering the previous diet in studies relating the gut microbiome with lipid signals involved in host metabolism. Video Abstract.