Molecular Characterizations of the Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Species Causing Urinary Tract Infection in Tanzania: A Laboratory-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Out of 65 CoNS isolates, 8 species of CoNS were identified; <i>Staphylococcus haemolyticus</i>, <i>n</i> = 27 (41.5%), and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>, <i>n</i> = 24 (36.9%), were predominant. The majority of <i>S. haemolyticus</i> were sequence type (ST) 30, with 8 new ST138-145 reported, while the majority of <i>S. epidermidis</i> were typed as ST490 with 7 new ST1184-1190 reported. Sixty isolates (92.3%) had either one or multiple antimicrobial resistance genes. The most frequently detected resistance genes were 53 (21%) <i>dfr</i>G, 32 (12.9%) <i>bla</i>Z, and 26 (10.5%) mecA genes conferring resistance to trimethoprim, penicillin, and methicillin, respectively. Out of 65 isolates, 59 (90.8%) had virulence genes associated with UTI, with a predominance of the <i>ica</i>C 47 (46.5%) and <i>ica</i>A 14 (13.9%) genes. <b>Conclusion:</b><i>S. haemolyticus</i> and <i>S. epidermidis</i> harboring <i>ica</i>C, <i>dfr</i>G, <i>bla</i>Z, and <i>mec</i>A genes were the predominant CoNS causing UTI in Tanzania. Laboratories should carefully interpret the significant bacteriuria due to CoNS in relation to UTI symptoms and pyuria before labeling them as contaminants. Follow-up studies to document the outcome of the treated patients is needed to add more evidence that CoNS are UTI pathogens.