PD-L1 expression and CD8 positive lymphocytes in human neoplasms: A tissue microarray study on 11,838 tumor samples

Abstract

PD-L1 expression in tumor and inflammatory cells is found in a wide range of human tumor types. Higher rates of tumor infiltrating CD8 positive lymphocytes in PD-L1 positive than in PD-L1 negative cancers suggest that the antitumor immune response may trigger tumoral PD-L1 expression.