EEG based Smart Wheelchair using Raspberry Pi for Elderly and Paralysed Patients

Abstract

As a responsible citizen of the community, one should improve the standard of living for people with disabilities. The disabled person faces a variety of issues, depending on the severity of their disability. The researchers presented a range of problems and research projects to address the issues raised using brain-controlled wheelchairs that are BCI enabled. One of the main applications of BCI is wheelchairs based on electroencephalography (EEG), which enables people with mobility disabilities to carry out daily tasks on their own. This research presented a wheelchair development control framework for the disabled that is dependent on EEG signals of the human cerebrum using face movements, eye blinks, electrical signals, human ideas, and muscle contractions. A comparison of microcontrollers available on the market revealed that the Raspberry Pi is the best suited single board computer, with the feature that allows us to configure and connect the wireless BCI EEG headset via Bluetooth, as well as access the board remotely and update any required features. The amount of times the patient visits the centre for updates is decreased by using the remote connection feature. It supports parallel processing and enables us to process brain signals more quickly and with fewer errors. Using sensors affixed to a person's scalp, the Brain-Sense device detects BCI waves and analyses them afterward. Additional applications that combine automation, IoT, and security features can be used with the BCI headset.