Exploring risk factors of short-term readmission in heart failure patients: A cohort study

Abstract

Background The risk of all-cause mortality in patients with heart failure (HF) has been studied previously. Readmission risk of HF patients was rarely explored. Thus, we aimed to explore early warning factors that may influence short-term readmission of HF patients. Methods The data of this study came from an HF database in China. It was a retrospective single-center observational study that collected characteristic data on Chinese HF patients by integrating electronic medical records and follow-up outcome data. Eventually, 1,727 patients with HF were finally included in our study. Results In our study, the proportion of HF patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II, III, and IV HF were 17.20%, 52.69%, and 30.11%, respectively. The proportion of patients with readmission within 6 months and readmission within 3 months was 38.33% and 24.20%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that NYHA class ( p III = 0.028, p IV < 0.001), diabetes ( p = 0.002), Cr ( p = 0.003), and RDW-SD ( p = 0.039) were risk factors for readmission within 6 months of HF patients. NYHA class ( p III = 0.038, p IV < 0.001), CCI ( p = 0.033), Cr ( p = 0.012), UA ( p = 0.042), and Na ( p = 0.026) were risk factors for readmission within 3 months of HF patients. Conclusions Our study implied risk factors of short-term readmission risk in patients with HF, which may provide policy guidance for the prognosis of patients with HF.