Improvement in the Gain of UWB Antenna for GPR Applications by Using Frequency-Selective Surface

Abstract

In this article, high-gain ultra-wideband (UWB) monopole antenna is presented. The UWB monopole antenna is a semicircular-shaped antenna with a semicircular slot at the top side. The bottom plane consists of partial ground with triangular and rectangular slotted structures to improve the impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna. In order to enhance gain, a <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"> <a:mn>6</a:mn> <a:mo>×</a:mo> <a:mn>6</a:mn> </a:math> metallic reflector (FSS) is placed below the antenna. The performance of the offered design is validated experimentally. The simulated results show resemblance with the measured results. The antenna resonates for the UWB ranging from 3 to 11 GHz. Moreover, the integration of FSS improves the average gain by 4 dB, where peak gain obtained is 8.3 dB across the UWB. In addition, the reported unit cell having dimension of <c:math xmlns:c="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"> <c:mn>0.11</c:mn> <c:mi>λ</c:mi> <c:mo>×</c:mo> <c:mn>0.11</c:mn> <c:mi>λ</c:mi> </c:math> gives wide bandwidth (7.2 GHz) from 3.3 GHz to 10.5 GHz. The performance of the proposed antenna determines its suitability for the modern day wireless UWB and GPR applications.