Effect of Some Naturally Occurring Monoterpenes viz d-Limonene, p-Cymene and Terpinolene on the Glycemic and Hepatic Function in a Rat Model of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

iabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders distinguished by a chronic hyperglycemic state exacerbated by defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Diabetes mellitus is classified into two types: i) Type 1 diabetes, also known as insulindependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), is caused by a lack of insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells. ii) Type 2 diabetes, also known as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, is caused by a decrease in insulin sensitivity in target tissues. hereas, incidence of beta cell autoantibodies is the recognition of type 1 diabetes, a blend of maladjusted insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells and peripheral insulin resistance is the characteristic of type 2 diabetes. Obesity is one of the chief factors behind the silent development of type 2 diabetes. Advancement of beta cell loss in type 2 diabetes has been attributed to increased build-up of lipid intermediates in nonadipose tissue, increased glucotoxicity, stress initiated by the endoplasmic reticulum, and finally cell death. The conventional risk components for