Generation of Josephson vortices in stacked toroidal Bose-Einstein condensates

Abstract

Coupled coaxially stacked toroidal condensates with persistent currents suggest an appealing physical platform for investigation of various phenomena related to interacting superflows from Josephson effects in the regime of weak interactions to the quantum Kelvin-Helmholtz instability for merging rings. We suggest experimentally accessible methods to prepare states with different topological charges in two coupled coaxial ring-shaped atomic Bose-Einstein condensates. Our results open up the way to direct observation of rotational Josephson vortices in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates.