Protective effect of Limosilactobacillus fermentum HFY06 on dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice

Abstract

Ulcerative colitis is one of the main gastrointestinal diseases that threaten human health. This study investigated the effect of <i>Limosilactobacillus fermentum</i> HFY06 (LF-HFY06) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced murine colitis. The protective effect of LF-HFY06 was evaluated by examining the length and histopathological sections of colon, related biochemical indicators, and genes related to inflammation. Direct and microscopic observations showed that LF-HFY06 increased the length of the colon and ameliorated the pathological damage induced by DSS. The biochemical indicators showed that LF-HFY06 enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and catalase (CAT) in serum, while reducing the level of malondialdehyde (MDA). It was also observed that the serum inflammatory cytokines levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-12 were decreased, and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 level was increased. The qPCR experiment revealed that LF-HFY06 downregulated the mRNA expression levels of nuclear factor-κB-p65 (<i>Rela</i>), <i>Tnf</i>, <i>Il 1b</i>, <i>Il 6</i>, and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (<i>Ptgs2</i>) in colon tissues, and upregulated the mRNA expression of NF-κB inhibitor-α (<i>Nfkbia</i>) and <i>Il 10</i>. These data indicated that LF-HFY06 inhibited inflammation through the NF-κB signaling pathway to prevent the occurrence and development of colitis. This research demonstrates that probiotics LF-HFY06 have the potential to prevent and treat colitis.