Accurate magnetic field imaging using nanodiamond quantum sensors enhanced by machine learning

Abstract

Nanodiamonds can be excellent quantum sensors for local magnetic field measurements. We demonstrate magnetic field imaging with high accuracy of 1.8 [Formula: see text]T combining nanodiamond ensemble (NDE) and machine learning without any physical models. We discover the dependence of the NDE signal on the field direction, suggesting the application of NDE for vector magnetometry and the improvement of the existing model. Our method enhances the NDE performance sufficiently to visualize nano-magnetism and mesoscopic current and expands the applicability of NDE in arbitrarily shaped materials, including living organisms. This accomplishment bridges machine learning to quantum sensing for accurate measurements.