Above-room-temperature strong intrinsic ferromagnetism in 2D van der Waals Fe3GaTe2 with large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy

TLDR

The lack of two‑dimensional van der Waals ferromagnets that combine above‑room‑temperature strong intrinsic ferromagnetism with large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy limits their use in low‑power magnetoelectronic and spintronic devices. This study aims to provide a pathway toward room‑temperature 2D ferromagnetism, electrical control of 2D ferromagnetism, and to promote practical applications of 2D‑vdW‑integrated spintronic devices. We discovered the vdW ferromagnet Fe₃GaTe₂, which exhibits a Curie temperature of ~350–380 K, a saturation moment of 40.11 emu/g, a large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy energy density of ~4.79 × 10⁵ J/m³, and a 3 % anomalous Hall angle at room temperature—outperforming conventional CoFeB films and surpassing other 2D vdW ferromagnets—and enabled room‑temperature anomalous Hall devices and direct magnetic domain imaging.

Abstract

The absence of two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) ferromagnetic crystals with both above-room-temperature strong intrinsic ferromagnetism and large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) severely hinders practical applications of 2D vdW crystals in next-generation low-power magnetoelectronic and spintronic devices. Here, we report a vdW intrinsic ferromagnetic crystal Fe3GaTe2 that exhibits record-high above-room-temperature Curie temperature (Tc, ~350-380 K) for known 2D vdW intrinsic ferromagnets, high saturation magnetic moment (40.11 emu/g), large PMA energy density (~4.79 × 105 J/m3), and large anomalous Hall angle (3%) at room temperature. Such large room-temperature PMA is better than conventional widely-used ferromagnetic films like CoFeB, and one order of magnitude larger than known 2D vdW intrinsic ferromagnets. Room-temperature thickness and angle-dependent anomalous Hall devices and direct magnetic domains imaging based on Fe3GaTe2 nanosheet have been realized. This work provides an avenue for room-temperature 2D ferromagnetism, electrical control of 2D ferromagnetism and promote the practical applications of 2D-vdW-integrated spintronic devices.