<i>E</i> iso–<i>E</i>p correlation of gamma-ray bursts: calibration and cosmological applications

Abstract

ABSTRACT Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most explosive phenomena and can be used to study the expansion of Universe. In this paper, we compile a long GRB sample for the Eiso–Ep correlation from Swift and Fermi observations. The sample contains 221 long GRBs with redshifts from 0.03 to 8.20. From the analysis of data in different redshift intervals, we find no statistically significant evidence for the redshift evolution of this correlation. Then we calibrate the correlation in six subsamples and use the calibrated one to constrain cosmological parameters. Employing a piece-wise approach, we study the redshift evolution of dark energy equation of state (EOS), and find that the EOS tends to be oscillating at low redshift, but consistent with −1 at high redshift. It hints at dynamical dark energy at 2σ confidence level at low redshift.