Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 with Encapsulated Naringin Synergistically Improves Antibacterial and Osteogenic Properties of Ti Implants for Osseointegration

Abstract

Titanium (Ti)-based implants are widely utilized in artificial joints, pedicle screws, and dental implantations due to their excellent biocompatibility, near perfect mechanical capacities, and strong corrosion resistance. However, the Ti substrates are bioinert and lack desirable antibacterial abilities, severely hindering their bone regeneration applications. Herein, the titania nanotubes (TNTs) are fabricated onto the Ti surfaces through anodic oxidation. They are then modified with naringin (Nar)-loaded zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) in order to obtain a multifunctional coating (TNT-ZIF-8@Nar) via hydrothermal treatment. The TNT-ZIF-8@Nar exhibits excellent pH-responsive properties and a strong antimicrobial effect against <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) by releasing Zn²⁺ and Nar. TNT-ZIF-8@Nar coatings significantly enhance the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts. Furthermore, <i>in vivo</i> studies demonstrated the efficacy of TNT-ZIF-8@Nar coatings in improving osseointegration and antibacterial capabilities. This work shows the promising therapeutic potential of TNT-ZIF-8@Nar in its ability to inhibit implant-associated infections and achieve favorable osseointegration simultaneously.