Whole-genome sequence of a high-temperature edible mushroom Pleurotus giganteus (zhudugu)

Abstract

Most of the sequenced wood-rotting edible mushroom produce fruiting body at relatively low temperatures. Little information has been known about the high-temperature wood-rotting mushroom. Here, we performed <i>de novo</i> sequencing and assembly of the genome of a high-temperature edible mushroom <i>Pleurotus giganteus</i> from a monokaryotic strain zhudugu2 using the Illumina and Pac-Bio CLR sequencing technologies. <i>P. giganteus</i>, also known as Zhudugu in China, is a well-known culinary edible mushroom that has been widely distributed and cultivated in China, Southeast Asia, and South Asia. The genome consists of 40.00 Mb in 27 contigs with a contig N50 of 4.384 Mb. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that <i>P. giganteus</i> and other strains in <i>Pleurotus</i> clustered in one clade. Phylogenetic analysis and average nucleotide identity analysis indicated that the <i>P. giganteus</i> genome showed a closer relationship with other <i>Pleurotus</i> species. Chromosome collinearity analysis revealed a high level of collinearity between <i>P. ostreatus</i> and <i>P. giganteus</i>. There are 12,628 protein-coding genes annotated in this monoploid genome. A total of 481 enzymes accounting for 514 carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) terms were identified in the <i>P. giganteus</i> genome, including 15 laccases and 10 class II peroxidases predicted in the genome, which revealed the robustness of lignocellulose degradation capacity of <i>P. giganteus</i>. The mating-<i>A</i> type locus of <i>P. giganteus</i> consisted of a pair of homeodomain mating-type genes <i>HD1</i> and <i>HD2</i>. The mating-<i>B</i> type locus of <i>P. giganteus</i> consisted of at least four pheromone receptor genes and three pheromone genes. The genome is not only beneficial for the genome-assisted breeding of this mushroom but also helps us to understand the high-temperature tolerance of the edible mushroom.