Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Disease After COVID-19 Vaccination - Causal or Incidental?

Abstract

A variety of neurological complications of COVID-19 vaccinations are reported with each passing day. We report a rare case of a patient who developed brain stem and spinal cord lesions 20 days after the first dose of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 coronavirus vaccine. On further investigation, anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (anti-MOG) antibodies were strongly positive, and a diagnosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (MOGAD) was made. This case report aims to add a rare entity to the possible complications of COVID-19 vaccines and discuss symptoms, MRI findings, and the differential diagnosis of MOGAD. We also suggest that these patients undergo follow-up serological tests to recognize recurrences quickly.