An optimal methodology for optimal controlling of a PEMFC connected to the grid based on amended penguin optimization algorithm

Abstract

The current paper proposes a new methodology to improve the power quality of a 1200 W PEM fuel cell connected to the grid. For this purpose, after using a buck converter for reducing the voltage, an inverter has been utilized. To optimal firing of the controllers, a new technique, which is the Amended Penguin Optimization algorithm (APOA) is used. The results of the controller based on the suggested APOA are put in comparison with several other latest techniques. Simulations show that the highest efficiency in the PEM fuel cell is 53% and at 7 A and the highest power is 1200 W at 26 A and 46 V. The results of simulation validated by comparing with some other methodologies and the results show that the proposed APOA with 0.01445 Steady-state error provides the minimum error which indicates that using the optimized controllers based on the proposed APOA provides higher efficiency toward the others t under sagging and swelling conditions in all terms of maximum overshoot, minimum error, and the steady-state error among the reference voltages and the point of common coupling.