Off-nominal frequency measurements in electric power systems

Abstract

The authors present a method for extending the measurement range of the least-error-squares technique. They also examine the effectiveness of the technique and present some results from simulated studies and laboratory experiments. The proposed method estimates, in the offline mode, errors that are expected when off-nominal frequencies are measured. On measuring an off-nominal frequency, the method combines the measured value and the expected error to obtain an improved estimate.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>