Mechanistic Interventions of Selected Ocimum Species in Management of Diabetes, Obesity and Liver Disorders: Transformative Developments from Preclinical to Clinical Approaches

Abstract

Metabolic disorders are usually categorized as inborn metabolism defects, including carbohydrate metabolism deficits in enzymes, amino acids derived from proteins, and fatty acids released from lipids. A metabolic disorder, which arises from elevated body weight, diabetes, and obesity, has reached epidemic proportions in countries. This review discusses the metabolic disorders with respect to diabetes, obesity and liver disorders and their therapeutic management with selective Ocimum species. Ocimum genus contains more than 200 species and is one of the richest sources of diverse phytoconstituents, including fatty acids, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, tannins, etc. that are documented to be beneficial in the management of various metabolic disorders. The potential of selected Ocimum species in metabolic disorders is discussed by reviewing available preclinical and clinical studies and associated mechanisms of action and their effect on gene expression.