Annals of Saudi Medicine · 2008 · 25 citations · 11 references
MedicineEndocrinologyInternal MedicineDiabetologyGeneral Internal MedicineManaged CareDiabetes ControlDiabetes ManagementDiabetes MellitusDiabetes Complications ManagementDiabetes DiagnosisDiabetes Mellitus ManagementDiabetes-related ComplicationsDiabetic ComplicationsType 2 Diabetes Comorbidity ManagementType 2 Diabetes Mellitus TreatmentType 2 Diabetes Treatment
<b>Background and Objectives: </b> Because there is no recent update on the state of diabetes and its concomi--tant complications in Saudi Arabia<sup> , </sup> we undertook a study of the prevalence of health complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to our institution.<b> Methods:<sup></b> </sup> We conducted a retrospective review of medical records of adult Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes who were seen in clinics or admitted to the Security Forces Hospital<sup> , </sup> Riyadh<sup> , </sup> Saudi<sup> </sup> Arabia<sup> , </sup> between January 1989 and January 2004.<b> Results: </b> Of 1952 patients<sup> , </sup> 943 (48.3%) were males. For the whole study population the mean age at enrollment was 58.4±14.2 years<sup> , </sup> the mean age at onset of diabetes was 48.1±12.8 years<sup> , </sup> the mean duration of diabetes was 10.4±7.5 years<sup> , </sup> and the mean duration of follow-up was 7.9±4.6 years. Nephropathy was the most prevalent complication<sup> , </sup> occurring<sup> </sup> in<sup> </sup> 626 patients (32.1%). Acute coronary syndrome occurred in 451 (23 .1 %), cataracts in 447 (22.9%)<sup> , </sup> retinopathy<sup> </sup> in<sup> </sup> 326 (16.7%)<sup> , </sup> and myocardial infarction in 279 (14.3%)<sup> , </sup> Doubling<sup> </sup> of serum creatinine was seen in 250 (12.8%) and 79 (4.0%) went into dialysis. Hypertension was present in 1524 (78.1%) and dyslipidemia in 764 (39.1%). Overall mortality was 8.2%. Multiple complications were <sup> frequent.</sup> Males<sup> </sup> had higher prevalence of complications than females (P< .05). Mortality was significantly higher in males 92 (9.8%) than females 69 (6.8%) (P=.024). The prevalence of complications significantly increased with dura--tion of diabetes and age (P< .05). <b> Conclusion: </b> Among Saudis, the prevalence of concomitant diabetic complications is high, with cardiovas--cular and renal complications the most frequent. Many patients had multiple complications. Early and frequent screenings in the patients with type 2 diabetes are desirable to identify patients at high risk for concomitant complications and to prevent disabilities.
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