Voting Correctly

TLDR

The average voter falls far short of classic democratic theory in terms of interest, knowledge, and participation. The study proposes that citizens fulfill their democratic duties by voting correctly most of the time. Using an operationalization of correct voting based on fully informed interests, the authors present experimental data demonstrating that people vote correctly most of the time. The authors predict voters' correct choices from survey data, estimate that about 75 % of voters cast correct ballots in five U.S.

Abstract

The average voter falls far short of the prescriptions of classic democratic theory in terms of interest, knowledge, and participation in politics. We suggest a more realistic standard: Citizens fulfill their democratic duties if, most of the time, they vote “correctly.” Relying on an operationalization of correct voting based on fully informed interests, we present experimental data showing that, most of the time, people do indeed manage to vote correctly. We also show that voters' determinations of their correct vote choices can be predicted reasonably well with widely available survey data. We illustrate how this measure can be used to determine the proportion of the electorate voting correctly, which we calculate at about 75% for the five American presidential elections between 1972 and 1988. With a standard for correct vote decisions, political science can turn to exploring the factors that make it more likely that people will vote correctly.