Publication | Closed Access
Clozapine-Induced Hypersalivation
15
Citations
0
References
2000
Year
PsychiatryMedicinePsychotropic MedicationPsychopharmacologyNeuropharmacologyPharmacotherapyClozapine-induced Hypersalivation.data SourcesClozapine-induced HypersalivationUnderlying PathophysiologyPharmacologyAnesthesiology
OBJECTIVE:To review underlying pathophysiology and possible treatments for clozapine-induced hypersalivation.DATA SOURCES:Primary literature was accessed through MEDLINE (1966–May 1999). Key search terms included clozapine, hypersalivation, sialorrhea, and treatment.DATA SYNTHESIS:Hypersalivation occurs in up to 54% of patients receiving clozapine. An evaluation of studies and case reports focusing on management of clozapine-induced hypersalivation was conducted.CONCLUSIONS:It is unclear whether clozapine increases salivation through its muscarinic M4 receptor activation and/or blockade of α2-adrenoceptors, or by causing a distortion in swallowing reflex. Treatment options include chewing gum, reducing the dosage of clozapine, or prescribing pharmacologic agents such as anticholinergics or α2-adrenoceptor agonists.