Periodontal Intervention Effects on Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with\nPreeclampsia*

Abstract

Objective: To determine the efficacy of periodontal intervention on\npregnancy outcome in mild preeclamptic women. Methods: A sample of 60\npregnant women with mild preeclampsia (blood pressure levels\n<160/110 mm and proteinuria >300 mg/l in 24 hours urine) from the\nHospital Universitario del Valle (Cali, Colombia) was included to the\nstudy. Preeclamptic women were randomized in two groups, one with\nperiodontal intervention (PIG, N=28) and another in which the\nperiodontal intervention was practiced after childbirth (NPIG, N=32).\nMaternal socio-demographic, medical and periodontal data were obtained.\nPIG included patients in which supragingival and subgingival cleaning\nwithin ultrasonic and manual devices were performed after study\ninclusion. The progression from mild to severe preeclampsia, eclampsia\nor HELLP syndrome, the number of days of clinical stability and the\npercentile of birth-weight adjusted for gestational age were evaluated\nin both groups. Results: Most of the patients (60%) were\nmultigravids. Gestational age at inclusion was 31.8±1.6 weeks.\nChronic periodontitis was a frequent finding (61.7%). Social,\ndemographic, medical and periodontal conditions were similar between\nboth groups. Disease progression to severe preeclampsia, eclampsia or\nHELLP syndrome was also similar (89.2% PIG versus 84.4%, p=0.65)\n(OR=1.06 IC 95% 0.87-1.29, p=0.65). Days of clinical stability were\nsimilar between the groups (median 10 days , range 1-46, PIG versus 12\ndays, range 1-59, p=0.57) and the percentile of birth weight adjusted\nwith gestational age had no differences between the groups (median\npercentil 50 range 5-90 PIG versus percentil 55 range 5-95, p=0.73). \nConclusion: Periodontal intervention does not seem to harm the health,\nthe severity or alter the frequency on maternal complications in mild\npreeclampsia subjects.