Cytological Studies on the Effect of Herbicides on Plant Cells <i>in vivo</i>

Abstract

In this report, the effect of 12 non-hormonic herbicides were examined mainly on the hair cells of Tradescantia, the stipular ones of Vicia, the pollen grain mitoses of Tradescantia, the petal cells of Allium by in vivo observations, and the root tip cells of Triticurn by fixed preparations.The effects of the herbicides on the materials tested are summarized in Table 2. Among the chemicals, the effect of PCP, ATA and 3cl-IPC solutions on the mitosis induces suppressions of the spindle development in various degrees. Especially, the effect of 3cl-IPC is striking and shows coichicinelike effect.According to the reaction types, the non-hormonic herbicides except TCA are classified into four types: a) The coagulation of protoplasm occurs by the treatment with DNOSBP, CDAA, Fw-450, Fw-734 and PCP solutions in high concentrations. b) Injurious effects are induced on the metabolic cells by the treatment with DPA, CMU, CAT and ATA solutions. c) Mitotic aberrations take place by the treatment with 3cl-IPC and PCP solutions in lower concentrations and by that with ATA solution in high concentrations. d) Inhibition of mitosis occurs in MH 30 solution.In the data obtained by this experiment, some herbicides indicate significant differences on the effects at the cellular level tested between monocotyledonous plants and dicotyledonous ones.