Effects of <i>Spartina alterniflora</i> invasion on the community structure and diversity of wetland soil bacteria in the Yellow River Delta

Abstract

The exotic plant <i>Spartina alterniflora</i> is expanding rapidly along China's coast regions, seriously threatening native ecosystems. Soil bacteria are important for biogeochemical cycles, including those of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur, in wetland ecosystems. There is growing evidence that microorganisms are important in case of plant invasion. In the present study, we studied the interlacing area of <i>S</i>. <i>alterniflora</i> and <i>Suaeda heteroptera</i>, selected soil of invaded and non-invaded regions and explored the effect of the composition and diversity of bacterial communities in coastal wetlands. The bacterial community composition of invasive and noninvasive areas was subjected to high-throughput sequencing. In the five areas tested, the main bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria, Bacteroides, and Acidobacteria; the richness of the bacterial community in the soil increased after <i>S</i>. <i>alterniflora</i> invasion, most changes occurred at the genus level. The relative abundances of <i>Desulfobulbus</i> and <i>Sulfurovum</i> were higher in invasive areas than in noninvaded areas. PCA, RDA, and LEfSe analyses found that the <i>S</i>. <i>alterniflora</i> invasion significantly influenced the bacterial community and physicochemical properties of wetland soil. In conclusion, soil microbial community composition was tightly associated with <i>S</i>. <i>alterniflora</i> invasion. This study provide an important scientific basis for further research on the invasion mechanism of <i>S</i>. <i>alterniflora</i>.