Study on Multiple Fractal Analysis and Response Characteristics of Acoustic Emission Signals from Goaf Rock Bodies

Abstract

Based on the actual monitoring data of the acoustic emission (AE) ground pressure monitoring and positioning system, this paper introduces fractal theory and the multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA) method to estimate the waveform multifractal spectrum of goaf rock acoustic emission signals and investigate multifractal time-varying response characteristics. The research results show that the wavelet hard thresholding method has the best noise reduction effect on the original signal, and the box counting dimension has a strong waveform identification effect. Before deformation damage occurs, fractal spectral width Δ<i>α</i> shows an increase and then decrease and the fluctuation scale factor Δ<i>f</i>(<i>α</i>) decreases and then increases. When damage occurs, fractal spectral width Δ<i>α</i> decreases and then stabilizes and concentrates. Simultaneously, the fluctuation scale factor Δ<i>f</i>(<i>α</i>) keeps decreasing until the lowest point, and then shows an increasing trend until it reaches a stable state. This study is of great significance to the stability evaluation and disaster early warning of mine goaf.