Tetrabutylammonium (TBA)-Doped Methylammonium Lead Iodide: High Quality and Stable Perovskite Thin Films

Abstract

This work reported the successive incorporation of tetrabutylammonium (TBA) into Methylammonium lead Iodide (MAPbI 3 ) perovskite. The thin films were characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmittance electron microscopy (TEM), Atomic force microscopy (AFM), and UV-Visible spectroscopy. It was shown that introducing TBA increases the crystallinity, grain size, surface morphology without pin-hole, and roughness of the MAPbI 3 thin films. Moreover, the MA (1-X) TBA X PbI 3 thin film shows better stability in a relative humidity of ∼60% after 15 days than the pure MAPbI 3 thin film. The obtained results are hoped to be helpful for stability and improvement of the performance of the MAPbI 3 thin films by doping TBA cations under ambient conditions.