Solidified and Immobilized Heteropolyacids for the Valorization of Lignocellulose

Abstract

Abstract Heteropolyacids have been identified as promising for catalyzing the reaction types, hydration and dehydration, which play an important role in the valorization of lignocellulose. Not only do they possess adaptable Brønsted acidity, but they also show a redox multi functionality. To increase the industrial applicability of this promising class of catalysts and to enable recycling, many different approaches for immobilization (such as multiphasic catalysis or grafting) and solidification (such as salt formation) have been pursued in recent years. This review summarizes these efforts and highlights the studied acid‐catalyzed lignocellulose conversions, trends and current challenges.