CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants: 2002

TLDR

The paper presents the 2002 CODATA self‑consistent set of fundamental physical constants and conversion factors for international use. The authors adjust the constants by incorporating new experimental data up to 2002, adding proton and deuteron charge‑radius values and testing the exactness of the Josephson and quantum‑Hall relations. The resulting 2002 CODATA set replaces the 1998 values, with differences generally within the previous uncertainties, and is available online.

Abstract

This paper gives the 2002 self-consistent set of values of the basic constants and conversion factors of physics and chemistry recommended by the Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA) for international use. Further, it describes in detail the adjustment of the values of the subset of constants on which the complete 2002 set of recommended values is based. Two noteworthy additions in the 2002 adjustment are recommended values for the bound-state rms charge radii of the proton and deuteron and tests of the exactness of the Josephson and quantum-Hall-effect relations ${K}_{\mathrm{J}}=2e∕h$ and ${R}_{\mathrm{K}}=h∕{e}^{2}$, where ${K}_{\mathrm{J}}$ and ${R}_{\mathrm{K}}$ are the Josephson and von Klitzing constants, respectively, $e$ is the elementary charge, and $h$ is the Planck constant. The 2002 set replaces the previously recommended 1998 CODATA set. The 2002 adjustment takes into account the data considered in the 1998 adjustment as well as the data that became available between 31 December 1998, the closing date of that adjustment, and 31 December 2002, the closing date of the new adjustment. The differences between the 2002 and 1998 recommended values compared to the uncertainties of the latter are generally not unreasonable. The new CODATA set of recommended values may also be found on the World Wide Web at physics.nist.gov/constants.