The emerging role of irisin in experimentally induced arthritis: a recent update involving HMGB1/MCP1/Chitotriosidase I–mediated necroptosis

Abstract

RA: rheumatoid arthritis; RIPK3: receptor-interacting protein kinase 1; MLKL: mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein; HMGB1: High-mobility group protein box 1; MCP1: Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; IL-6: Interleukin 6; CHIT1: Chitotriosidase; MDA: Malondialdehyde; PN: Peroxynitrite; TNF-α: Tumor Necrosis Factor; qrt-PCR: quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR; CII-IFA: collagen-II with incomplete Freund's adjuvant; ttt: treatmentNote: <i>TNF-α</i> gene (NCBI GenBank Nucleotide accession # NM_012675.3); The housekeeping gene <i>GAPDH</i> (NCBI GenBank Nucleotide accession # NM_017008.4).