Effect of PD-1 Inhibitor Combined with X-Ray Irradiation on the Inflammatory Microenvironment and Lung Tissue Injury in Mice

Abstract

Whole thorax X-ray irradiation in mice can cause pulmonary injury and fibrosis, which could be exacerbated by PD-1 inhibitors. Radiotherapy combined with PD-1 inhibitors may aggravate RILI by synergistically upregulating TGF-β1 expression, thereby affecting the immune-inflammatory microenvironment in the lungs.