“Three‐in‐One” Multi‐Level Design of MoS₂‐Based Anodes for Enhanced Sodium Storage: from Atomic to Macroscopic Level

Abstract

Abstract Constructing sodium‐ion battery anodes with efficient ion/electron transport and high cycling stability is significantly promising for applications but still remains challenging. Here, “three‐in‐one” multi‐level design is performed to develop a carbon‐coated phosphorous‐doped MoS 2 anchored on carbon nanotube paper (P‐MoS 2 @C/CNTP). The Na + diffusion and electron transport, as well as the structural stability of the whole anode are simultaneously enhanced through the synergistically optimization of P‐MoS 2 @C/CNTP at atomic, nanoscopic, and macroscopic levels. Resulted from the multi‐level modification, the synergetic mechanism has been demonstrated by electrochemical measurement and theoretical calculation. As a result, the free‐standing P‐MoS 2 @C/CNTP anode presents a high rate performance (150 mA h g −1 at 5 A g −1 ) and a long cycling life (1 A g −1 , 1200 cycles, 249 mA h g −1 ). This work provides a new approach to the design and fabrication of high‐performance conversion‐type electrode materials for rechargeable batteries application.