Lignocellulosic waste biomass for biohydrogen production: future challenges and bio‐economic perspectives

Abstract

Abstract The reduction of greenhouse gases in the automobile and industrial sectors has been a focus of global concern due to their adverse effects on the environment. This has led to a search for clean, green, and sustainable biobased energy sources. Green energy sources have a positive effect on the environment. Lignocellulosic waste biomass from various agro‐processing and industrial sources has a strong potential for mitigating energy crises in the future, supplying green energy produced by biochemical and thermochemical conversion processes. Amongst all of the biofuels, biohydrogen is a promising option. It has a high energy content and can be produced from lignocellulosic biomass by microbial fermentation processes. In this review, recent advances in various aspects of biohydrogen production from lignocellulosic biomass‐like processes are described. Future challenges and opportunities for hydrogen production from waste are summarized critically. Bioeconomic perspectives on biohydrogen production from waste biomass are explained. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd