Pattern and Outcome of Medical Admissions in Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti- A 5 Year Review

Abstract

Background: The trend in medical admission is very dynamic and it is very important for planning, policy formulation and assessment of health status of the populace. Aim: To investigate the pattern and outcome of medical admissions in Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, over a period of 5years. Method: Medical records of adult admissions between January 2008 and December 2012 were reviewed for the retrospective study. Results: A total of 3750 patients were admitted with a male to female ratio of 1.1 to 1. The mean age was 50.87±19.82 years and the age range was 16 to 102 years. Non communicable diseases constituted a majority of the admissions with the highest percentages in persons with stroke (21%), diabetes mellitus (18%), systemic hypertension (13%) and heart failure (11%). Notably, communicable diseases (CD) ravaged the young adults where HIV/AIDS (73.0%), pulmonary tuberculosis (60.0%), and malaria (60.0%) affected this age group. Overall mortality rate was 16.0%. Stroke, diabetes mellitus, HIV/AIDS, pulmonary tuberculosis and heart failure accounted for most deaths. Patients with NCD stayed longer on admission than those with CD (8.37±8.07 vs 7.18±7.24 days, p<0.0001), although patients with stroke, diabetes mellitus and HIV/AIDS stayed longest. Conclusions: In view of the huge burden of NCD and CD in the elderly and young adults respectively found in this study, the need for aggressive preventive measures and scaling-up resources for quick intervention to curb this menace is imperative.