Quantum Computation by Adiabatic Evolution

Edward Farhi, Jeffrey Goldstone, Sam Gutmann, Michael Sipser

2000 · 562 citations · 3 references

Concepts

TL;DR

The authors propose a quantum algorithm that solves satisfiability instances via adiabatic evolution. The algorithm evolves a quantum state under a time‑dependent Hamiltonian that interpolates from an easily prepared ground state to one encoding the solution, with evolution time set by the minimum energy gap between the two lowest eigenstates. While the energy gap cannot be estimated in general, the authors identify symmetric problem instances where the gap is calculable and the algorithm runs in polynomial time.

Abstract

We give a quantum algorithm for solving instances of the satisfiability problem, based on adiabatic evolution. The evolution of the quantum state is governed by a time-dependent Hamiltonian that interpolates between an initial Hamiltonian, whose ground state is easy to construct, and a final Hamiltonian, whose ground state encodes the satisfying assignment. To ensure that the system evolves to the desired final ground state, the evolution time must be big enough. The time required depends on the minimum energy difference between the two lowest states of the interpolating Hamiltonian. We are unable to estimate this gap in general. We give some special symmetric cases of the satisfiability problem where the symmetry allows us to estimate the gap and we show that, in these cases, our algorithm runs in polynomial time.

References

3