The Synthesis and Properties of Dyes and Pigments Containing a 9,9‐Spirobifluorene Residue

Abstract

The synthesis and properties of several azo and anthraquinonoid dyes containing a 9,9′‐spirobifluorene residue are described. The azo dyes were prepared by diazotization of 2,2′‐diamino‐9,9′ spirobifluorene and coupling to various commonly used coupling components. The anthraquinonoid dyes were made by condensation of the appropriate aminoanthraquinones with 9′,9′‐spirobifluorene‐2,2′‐dicarboxylic acid dichloride. The fastness to light of the so prepared has been compared with that of their non‐spiro analogues.