Extraction and analysis of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid from apple processing waste materials using ultrasound-assisted extraction technique combined with high performance liquid chromatography

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to develop a is simple, effective, eco-friendly, reproducible and high-yield two-stage ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) procedure combined with quantitative determination high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for obtaining isomeric triterpene acids - oleanolic acid (OA) and ursolic acid (UA) in the crystalline dried powdered form from apple processing agro-industrial waste material. A rapid, sensitive and specific HPLC method was developed and validated with respect to robustness, specificity, linearity-range, accuracy, precision and sensitivity. The effect of the nature and the volume of the extraction solvent, the extraction time and the sample size on the extraction efficiency were investigated. The optimal conditions for high-yield extraction were found.