Atomically Dispersed High‐Density Al–N₄ Sites in Porous Carbon for Efficient Photodriven CO₂ Cycloaddition

Abstract

Abstract Highly active catalysts that can directly utilize renewable energy (e.g., solar energy) are desirable for CO 2 value‐added processes. Herein, aiming at improving the efficiency of photodriven CO 2 cycloaddition reactions, a catalyst composed of porous carbon nanosheets enriched with a high loading of atomically dispersed Al atoms (≈14.4 wt%, corresponding to an atomic percent of ≈7.3%) coordinated with N (AlN 4 motif, Al–N–C catalyst) via a versatile molecule‐confined pyrolysis strategy is reported. The performance of the Al–N–C catalyst for catalytic CO 2 cycloaddition under light irradiation (≈95% conversion, reaction rate = 3.52 mmol g −1 h −1 ) is significantly superior to that obtained under a thermal environment (≈57% conversion, reaction rate = 2.11 mmol g −1 h −1 ). Besides the efficient photothermal conversion induced by the carbon matrix, both experimental and theoretical analysis reveal that light irradiation favors the photogenerated electron transfer from the semiconductive Al–N–C catalyst to the epoxide reactant, facilitating the formation of a ring‐opened intermediate through the rate‐limiting step. This study not only provides an advanced Al–N–C catalyst for photodriven CO 2 cycloaddition, but also furnishes new insight for the rational design of superior photocatalysts for diverse heterogeneous catalytic reactions in the future.