Chemical Compound Identification of Two Varieties Cat of Whiskers (Orthosiphon aristatus Blume Miq) from In Vitro Culture

Abstract

The cat's whiskers plant (Orthosiphon aristatus Blume Miq) is empirically used in Indonesia, Malaysia, Australia, and Southern Asia as an antibacterial, antidiabetic, antihypertensive anti-inflammatory. The country of Indonesia has three varieties of O. aristatus, namely purple, white-purple and white. The purple and white-purple population has started to decline. Efforts are needed to maintain the two varieties' population, one of which is plant tissue culture. It is hoped that in vitro cultured plants contain the same secondary metabolites as the wild type. This study aims to identify the chemical content of two varieties of O. aristatus resulting from in vitro culture. The five-month-old variety of O. aristatus purple and white purple and wild type was extracted using two solvents with different polarity levels, namely ethanol and ethyl acetate. The concentrated extract was identified for its chemical content using gradient system HPLC 0.1% formic acid: acetonitrile. The qualitative analysis results showed that the two extracts of O. aristatus resulted from in vitro culture containing rosmarinic acid and sinensetin. When compared to the wild type, the chromatogram had a larger area than the wild type. This study provides new information regarding the secondary metabolite content of two O. aristatus from in vitro culture.