Tumor‐associated macrophages (<scp>TAMs</scp>)‐derived osteopontin (<scp>OPN</scp>) upregulates<scp>PD‐L1</scp>expression and predicts poor prognosis in non‐small cell lung cancer (<scp>NSCLC</scp>)

Abstract

TOPN regulates PD-L1 expression through the NF-κB pathway in NSCLS, which is a potential independent biomarker and target for prognosis as well as immunotherapy.