Generic PLL-Based Grid-Forming Control

Abstract

In grid-forming control, the swing equation of a synchronous machine is emulated by a power controller. Thereby, frequency droop, power-oscillation damping, and/or virtual inertia can be obtained. In this letter it is shown that a phase-locked loop (PLL) - which is normally grid following - can be designed so as to, in turn, emulate a generic power controller, thus, becoming grid forming.