THAP1 modulates oligodendrocyte maturation by regulating ECM degradation in lysosomes

Abstract

Mechanisms controlling myelination during central nervous system (CNS) maturation play a pivotal role in the development and refinement of CNS circuits. The transcription factor THAP1 is essential for timing the inception of myelination during CNS maturation through a cell-autonomous role in the oligodendrocyte lineage. Here, we demonstrate that THAP1 modulates the extracellular matrix (ECM) composition by regulating glycosaminoglycan (GAG) catabolism within oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). <i>Thap1</i>^-/- OPCs accumulate and secrete excess GAGs, inhibiting their maturation through an autoinhibitory mechanism. THAP1 controls GAG metabolism by binding to and regulating the <i>GusB</i> gene encoding β-glucuronidase, a GAG-catabolic lysosomal enzyme. Applying GAG-degrading enzymes or overexpressing β-glucuronidase rescues <i>Thap1</i>^-/- OL maturation deficits in vitro and in vivo. Our studies establish lysosomal GAG catabolism within OPCs as a critical mechanism regulating oligodendrocyte development.