Comparison of cardiothoracic surgical training before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom

Abstract

COVID-19 has had a significant impact on surgical training, with concerns that these effects could have further implications downstream. Simulation training has been underused thus far, and trainees face an uphill challenge to enhance their skills and technical abilities in the operating room. Simulation is recommended by trainees and may represent a solution to the challenges of safe and effective cardiothoracic surgical training.