Gender Prediction for a Multiethnic Population via Deep Learning Across Different Retinal Fundus Photograph Fields: Retrospective Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

We confirmed that gender among the Asian population can be predicted with fundus photographs by using deep learning, and our algorithms' performance in terms of gender prediction differed according to the field of fundus photographs, age subgroups, and ethnic groups. Our work provides a further understanding of using deep learning models for the prediction of gender-related diseases. Further validation of our findings is still needed.