Journal of Inequalities and Applications · 2021 · 12 citations · 25 references
Natural SciencesMathematicsDifferential EquationsDynamical SystemsFluid DynamicsBoundary ConditionsBoundary-value ProblemsInitial Value ProblemsNumerical AnalysisNumerical Methods For Differential EquationsPartial Differential EquationsFractional Differential EquationsNonlinear Boundary-value ProblemsParabolic Boundary-value Problems
Abstract This paper deals with the existence of nonnegative solutions for a class of boundary value problems of fractional q -differential equation ${}^{c}\mathcal{D}_{q}^{\sigma }[k](t) = w (t, k(t), {}^{c} \mathcal{D}_{q}^{\zeta }[k](t) )$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mmultiscripts> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> <mml:mi>σ</mml:mi> <mml:mprescripts/> <mml:none/> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> </mml:mmultiscripts> <mml:mo>[</mml:mo> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mo>]</mml:mo> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mi>w</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow/> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> </mml:msup> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> <mml:mi>ζ</mml:mi> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mo>[</mml:mo> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mo>]</mml:mo> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:math> with three-point conditions for $t \in (0,1)$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∈</mml:mo> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:math> on a time scale $\mathbb{T}_{t_{0}}= \{ t : t =t_{0}q^{n}\}\cup \{0\}$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mo>{</mml:mo> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>:</mml:mo> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>}</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∪</mml:mo> <mml:mo>{</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo>}</mml:mo> </mml:math> , where $n\in \mathbb{N}$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∈</mml:mo> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> </mml:math> , $t_{0} \in \mathbb{R}$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>∈</mml:mo> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> </mml:math> , and $0< q<1$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo><</mml:mo> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> <mml:mo><</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:math> , based on the Leray–Schauder nonlinear alternative and Guo–Krasnoselskii theorem. Moreover, we discuss the existence of nonnegative solutions. Examples involving algorithms and illustrated graphs are presented to demonstrate the validity of our theoretical findings.
25