Green and sustainable palladium nanomagnetic catalyst stabilized by glucosamine‐functionalized Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ nanoparticles for Suzuki and Heck reactions

Abstract

A novel magnetic and heterogeneous palladium‐based catalyst stabilized by glucosamine‐functionalized magnetic Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 nanoparticle was synthesized. The strategy relies on the covalently bonding of glucosamine to cyanuric chloride‐functionalized magnetic nanoparticles followed by complexation with palladium. The structure of magnetic nanocatalyst was fully determined by FT‐IR, XRD, DLS, FE‐SEM, TEM, ICP, UV‐Vis, TGA, VSM, and EDX. The obtained results confirmed that the palladium nanoparticles stabilized by glucosamine immobilized onto the magnetic support exhibited high activity in cross‐coupling reactions of Suzuki‐Miyaura and Mizoroki‐Heck. Various aryl halides were coupled with arylboronic acid (Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction) and olefins (Heck reactions) under the green conditions to provide corresponding products in high to excellent yields. Interestingly, the catalyst can be easily isolated from the reaction media by magnetic decantation and can subsequently be applied for consecutive reaction cycles (at least seven times) with no notable reduction in the catalytic activity.